تغییرات الگوی توزیع اشکال زیستی گیاهان در امتداد گرادیان ارتفاعی مراتع مغان - سبلان استان اردبیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری علوم مرتع دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 استادیار گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

4 استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها، مراتع و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، رشت، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکتری علوم مرتع دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
در مطالعۀ حاضر، الگوی توزیع اشکال زیستی مختلف در طول گرادیان ارتفاعی مراتع مغان - سبلان استان اردبیل ارزیابی شد. نمونه‌برداری در 11 طبقۀ ارتفاعی و در فواصل ارتفاعی 300 متری (ارتفاع 100 تا 3300 متر از سطح دریا) انجام شد. در هر طبقۀ ارتفاعی، 30 پلات یک مترمربعی برای جمع‌آوری داده‌های پوشش گیاهی (تراکم، فراوانی و درصد تاج پوشش) استفاده و ‌سپس به‌منظور بررسی رابطۀ ارتفاع با شاخص‌های پوشش گیاهی در طبقه‌های مختلف ارتفاعی از آزمون تجزیه واریانس و برای مقایسۀ میانگین‌ها و گروه‌بندی شاخص‌ها از آزمون دانکن بهره‌گیری شد. مدل‌های رگرسیون به‌منظور ارزیابی روابط ارتفاع با شاخص‌های پوشش گیاهی برای اشکال‌ مختلف زیستی ترسیم شدند. به‌طور‌کلی 386 گونه شامل 44 خانواده و 200 جنس در منطقۀ مطالعه‌شده شناسایی و ثبت شد. تروفیت‌ها و همی‌کریپتوفیت‌ها به‌ترتیب با 164 و 162 گونه غالب‌ترین اشکال زیستی در منطقۀ ‌مطالعه‌شده بودند؛ در‌حالی‌که فانروفیت‌ها با 3 گونه کمترین فراوانی را داشتند. تراکم، درصد تاج پوشش، شاخص اهمیت گونه، تنوع و غنای گونه‌ای در تروفیت‌ها با افزایش ارتفاع کاهش یافت؛ در‌حالی‌که همی‌کریپتوفیت‌ها روند افزایشی نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Changes in Pattern Life-forms Distribution along an Elevational Gradient of Moghan-Sabalan Rangelands of Ardabil Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Ghafari 1
  • Ardavan Ghorbani 2
  • Mahdi Moameri 3
  • Raoof Mostafazadeh 3
  • Mahmood Bidar lord 4
  • Azad Kakehmami 5
1 Ph. D. Graduated of Rangeland Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
4 Watershed Management, Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
5 Ph. D. Student of Rangeland Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
This study evaluated the distribution pattern of various life-form spectra along the Moghan-Sabalan rangelands, Ardabil province, Iran. Sampling was conducted in eleven elevation classes at 300 m elevation intervals (100-3300 meters above sea level, masl). In each elevation interval, 30 quadrats (1×1 m) were used to collect vegetation data (density, frequency and canopy cover). To detect significant differences along elevational gradient, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test were used to compare averages and grouping of the plant index. Regression analyses were employed to explore the inter-relationship of elevation with various life-form spectra. Overall, 386 species, which comprised 44 families and 200 genera, were identified in the study area. Therophytes and hemicryptophytes were the most frequent life form constituted each with respectively 164 and 162 species, while phanerophytes with 3 species were the least frequent form of life. Density, canopy cover, IVI, species richness and diversity of therophytes decreased with elevation, while hemicryptophytes species richness and evenness increased.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Elevational Gradient
  • Life Form
  • Importance Value Index
  • Diversity Index
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