فون کنه‌های میوه‌های خشک و خشکبار در استان‌آذربایجان غربی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات جانورشناسی کشاورزی، موسسۀ تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ایران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار بخش تحقیقات حشره شناسی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد بخش تحقیقات حشره شناسی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

تولید میوه‌های خشک و خشکبار عاری از هرگونه آفات، باعث افزایش ارزش اقتصادی آنها می‌شود. بررسی فون کنه‌های خشکبار استان ‌آذربایجان غربی با جمع‌‌آوری 135 نمونه از 12 محصول شامل تخم کدو، تخم آفتاب‌‌گردان، فندق، بادام، زردآلو، آلو، گردو، مویز، توت خشک، کشمش، آلبالو و گیلاس از انبارهای واقع در 9 شهر این استان انجام شد. از بستر هویر برای اسلاید ثابت میکروسکوپی کنه‌ها استفاده و سپس شناسایی آنها انجام شد. تعداد 17 گونه، 16 جنس و 11 خانواده از سه راستۀ Sarcoptiformes، Trombidiformes وMesostigmata  شناسایی شد. تعداد کنه در هر کیلوگرم نمونه بین صفر تا 302 عدد متغیر و در 85 درصد آنها، کمتر از 52 عدد در هر کیلوگرم بود. بیشترین فراوانی جمعیت کنه‌های خسارت‌زا برای گونۀ Lepidoglyphus destructor (41/40 درصد) و کنۀ شکارگر Blattisocius tarsalis (81/30 درصد) به ثبت رسید. حدود 63 درصد نمونه‌های میوه‌های خشک و خشکبار، آلوده به کنه بود. بیشترین تعداد کنه در تخم کدو و تخم آفتاب‌گردان مشاهده شد. جنس و گونه‌هایی که با علامت * در زیر مشخص شده‌اند، ثبت جدید برای فون استان آذربایجان غربی است:
Sarcoptiformes, Acaridae: Acarus siro; Aleuroglyphus ovatus; Caloglyphus berlesei*; Tyrophagus putrescentiae; Rhizoglyphus echinopus*;Glycyphagidae: Lepidoglyphus destructor; Trombidiformes, Cheyletidae: Acaropsellina sollers; Cheyletus malaccensis;Stigmaeidae: Agistemus sp.; Erythraeidae: Erythraeus (Erythraeus) garmsaricus*; Erythraeus (Zaracarus) rajabii*; Smarididae: Smaris sp*.; Tydeidae: Tydeus sp*.;Pyemotidae: Pyemotes herfsi *(Oudemans, 1936); Mesostigmata, Laelapidae: Androlaelaps casalis casalis*; Blattisociidae: Blattisocius tarsalis*; Ameroseiidae: Kleemannia plumosa*.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mite Fauna in Dried Fruits and Nuts in West Azerbaijan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Ardeshir 1
  • Hossein Ranji 2
  • Ome-Kolsoum Obeidi 3
1 Agricultural Zoology Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center of West Azerbaijan, Uremia, Iran
3 Ome-Kolsoum Obeidi MSc, Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center of West Azerbaijan, Uremia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
The production of dried fruits and nuts that are free of any pests increases their economic value. In the present study, mite fauna of dried fruits and nuts were investigated in West Azerbaijan province and 135 samples were collected from 12 types of products of dried fruits and nuts, namely pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, hazelnut, almond, apricot, plum, walnut, currant, dried berries, raisin, tonic, and cherry from stores located in nine cities. Hoyer’s medium was used for microscope fixed slide and the specimens were then identified. A total of 17 species, 16 genera, and 11 families of the three orders of Sarcoptiformes, Trombidiformes, and Mesostigmata was identified. The number of mites per kilo of the sample ranged from zero to 302 and in 85% of samples, this number was less than 52 per kilo. The highest abundance of pest and predatory mites was recorded for Lepidoglyphus destructor (40.41%) and Blattisocius tarsalis (30.81%). About 63% of dried fruit and nut samples were contaminated with mites and the highest number of mites was found in pumpkin and sunflower seeds. In the following list, genus and species marked with * are new registrations for the mite fauna of West Azerbaijan Province: Sarcoptiformes, Acaridae: Acarus siro; Aleuroglyphus ovatus; Caloglyphus berlesei*; Tyrophagus putrescentiae; Rhizoglyphus echinopus*;Glycyphagidae, Lepidoglyphus destructor; Trombidiformes, Cheyletidae: Acaropsellina sollers; Cheyletus malaccensis;Stigmaeidae: Agistemus sp. Erythraeidae: Erythraeus (Erythraeus) garmsaricus*; Erythraeus (Zaracarus) rajabii*; Smarididae: Smaris sp*. Tydeidae: Tydeus sp.*,Pyemotidae: Pyemotes herfsi *(Oudemans, 1936) Mesostigmata, Laelapidae: Androlaelaps casalis casalis*; Blattisociidae: Blattisocius tarsalis*; Ameroseiidae: Kleemannia plumosa*.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • West Azerbaijan
  • Nuts
  • Storage Mite Fauna
  • Dried Fruits
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