بررسی فلور، شکل زیستی و پراکنش جغرافیایی گیاهان منطقۀ تنگ خشک یاسوج (استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم، دانشگاه یاسوج، کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اکولوژی- سیستماتیک گیاهی دانشگاه یاسوج، کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
در پژوهش حاضر، فلور منطقۀ تنگ خشک واقع در شهرستان بویراحمد در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، با وسعت تقریبی 10 هزار هکتار و محدودۀ ارتفاعی بین 2037 تا 2600 متر از سطح دریا و در موقعیت جغرافیایی '41 °51 تا '48 °51 درجۀ طول شرقی نصف‌النهار گرینویچ و '23 °30 تا '30 °30 درجۀ عرض شمالی خط استوا در طی سال‌های 1395 و 1396 با نمونه‌برداری به روش پیمایشی و ترانسکت خطی بررسی شد. براساس نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش در این منطقه 296 گونه، متعلق به 187 جنس و 56 تیرۀ گیاهی می‌‌روید. یک گونه متعلق به شاخۀ بازدانگان و 295 گونه مربوط به شاخۀ نهاندانگان (44 گونه از ردۀ تک‌لپه‌ای‌ها و 251 گونه از ردۀ دولپه‌ای‌ها) است. مهم‌ترین تیره‌های گیاهی منطقه، تیره‌های کاسنی (Asteraceae) با 38 گونه، پروانه‌آسا  (Fabaceae) با 28 گونه و نعناع (Lamiaceae) با 23 گونه و مهم‌ترین جنس‌های گیاهی منطقه، جنس‌های گون (Astragalus) با نه گونه و فرفیون (Euphorbia) و گل گندم (Centaurea) هرکدام با پنج گونه است. بیشترین عناصر جغرافیایی فلور، مربوط به ناحیۀ ایران - تورانی (3/52 درصد) و مهم‌ترین اشکال زیستی عناصر گیاهی منطقه به ترتیب شامل همی‌کریپتوفیت‌ها (2/44 درصد) و تروفیت‌ها (1/33 درصد) است. درصد زیاد همی‌کریپتوفیت‌ها نشان‌دهندۀ اقلیم سرد و کوهستانی منطقه است. براساس نتایج این پژوهش و با توجه به غنی‌‌بودن پوشش گیاهی منطقه، بر حفظ و تکثیر گونه‌های بومی در زیستگاههای طبیعی یا خارج از زیستگاههای طبیعی، با اعمال مدیریت مناسب و حفاظت تأکید می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Study of Floristics, Life Form, and Chorology of Plants in Tang-e Khoshk of Yasouj Region (Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azizollah Jafari Kukhdan 1
  • Hoda Bahrami 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yasouj University, Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad, Iran
2 MSc Student of Plant Ecology and Systematic, Yasouj University, Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
In the present research, the flora of Tang-e Khoshk region located in Boyer Ahmad city, Kohgiloyeh Boyer Ahmad province, with an approximate area of 10/000 hectares and an altitude range between 2037 and 2600 meters above sea level and in a geographical position between the eastern longitude 51˚41ʹ to 51˚48ʹ E and the northern latitude of 30˚28ʹ to 30˚30ʹ N have been investigated during the years 1395 and 1396 (2016 and 2017). The sampling techniques of survey and linear transect were used. The results showed that 296 species belonging to 187 plant genera and 56 families grew in this area. From 296 species, one species belonged to the genus Gymnospenrms and 295 species belonged to Angiosperms (44 species from the category of Monocotyledons and 251 species from the category of Dicotyledonds). The families of Asteraceae (with 38 species), Fabaceae (with 28 species), and Lamiaceae (with 23 species) were the most important in this region. The most important genera of the region were Astragalus (with 9 species) and Euphorbia and Centaurea (each with 5 species). Also, most of the geographical elements of the flora were related to the Iran-Turani region (52/3%) and the most important biological forms of plant elements in the region included Hemicryptophytes (44/2%) and Therophytes (33/1%), respectively. The high percentage of Hemicryptophytes indicated the cold and mountainous climate of the region. Based on the results of this study and due to the rich vegetation of the region, the conservation and reproduction of native species in natural habitats or out of natural habitats are emphasized with proper management and conservation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Key words: Vegetation
  • Tang-e Khoshk
  • Floristics
  • Flora
  • Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad
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