Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Professor, Department of Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran,
2
Department of Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
10.22108/tbj.2024.142309.1275
Abstract
The morphological variation of 64 Secale cereale L. accessions was evaluated based on several traits based on a lattice design with two replications over two years (2016 and 2017). The first two principal components of the entry × tester interaction biplot accounted for 76% (46 and 30% for PC1 and PC2, respectively) of the variability for the both years. The six vertex genotypes for the first year and the eight vertex genotypes for the second year were identified. Important traits, such as grain yield and seed numbers per spike, were favorable in sector of genotype 23 and this vertex was the same in both years. For cultivar release, genotype 23 followed by 21, 29 and 32 can be considered after their testing under multi-environmental trials for adaptability testing. Evaluation of grain yield indicated, genotypes 20, 21 23, 28, 29 and 32 were the best genotypes across two years. According to trait discriminative potential, width of seed following to awn length, spike weight, and thousand-seed weight had more discriminative traits The perfect entry biplot indicated that the same genotypes which were identified for obtaining high grain yield, had ability for evaluation of traits in S. cereale and they can be assumed as ideotypes. Given the importance of numbers per spike, weight of seeds per spike, and width of seed on grain yield in current study, these traits should be considered in S. cereale. The identified variations demonstrated a high degree of diversity in the S. cereale, for genetic improvement programs.
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