A Study of Genetic Diversity of Dog Rose (Rosa canina L.) Genotypes of Northwest and West of Iran Using Morphological, Biochemical Markers, and Fruit Characteristics

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Medicinal Plants, Higher Education Center Shahid Bakeri Miyandoab, Urmia University, Iran

2 MSc, Graduate of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

3 Ph. D. Student of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

4 Instructor, Education Department, Saqqez, Kurdistan, Iran

Abstract

Abstract
Dog Rose shrub is one of the valuable medicinal plants that, due to the richness of useful compounds in the fruits, has the potential to be used as dietary supplements. The aim of this study was to investigate some morphological and phytochemical traits of 20 Dog Rose genotypes collected from natural habitats of the northwest and west of Iran. Trunk diameter, trunk cross-sectional area, plant height, canopy width, tree size, and volume index were recorded before harvesting. The leaf length, leaf width, leaf fresh weight, fruit length and width, fruit tail length, fruit fresh weight, number of seeds per fruit, fruit flavor, fruit texture, fruit appearance and attractiveness, total phenol, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity were measured. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference at the 1% probability level among the samples collected from different locations for all traits. The poor correlation between traits resulted in the first two components of principal component analysis justifying a lower percentage of variation in the data. Cluster analysis using Euclidean Squared Distance and Ward Method showed that the studied genotypes were divided into four groups with different characteristics. The sample of Showt city, which was placed alone in the fourth group and also had the lowest elevation, had the highest value for most of the traits and could be considered in breeding programs.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Aghaei Noroozloo, Y., Mirjalili, M. H., Nazeri, V. & Moshrefi Araghi, A. R. (2015). Evaluation of some Ecological Factors, Morphological Traits, and Essential Oil Productivity of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl., in Four Provinces of Iran. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 30(6), 985-998 (in Persian).
Alimardan, E., Salehi Shanjani, P., Jafari, A. A. & Tabaei Aghdaei, S. R. (2015). Evaluation of Yield and Morphological Traits in Iranian Populations of Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L. and A. bieberestini L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 31(4), 675-661 (in Persian).
Alizadeh, A., Salahvarzian, A., Dowlatshah, A., Momivand, H. & Eyni-Nargeseh, H. (2019). The Study of Morphological and Phytochemical Characteristics of Fruits in various Populations of Dog Rose (Rosa canina L.) in Lorestan Province. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 35(3), 512-526 (in Persian).
Arjmandi, A.­ A., Sharghi, H.­ R., Memariani, F. & Joharchi, M. R. (2016). Rosa kokanica (Rosaceae) in Binalood Mountains: A New Record for the Flora of Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany, 22(1), 11- 15.
Bogers, R. J., Craker, L. E. & Lange, D. (2006). Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Agricultural, Commercial, Ecological, Legal, Pharmacological, and Social Aspects. Berlin: Springer, Germany.
Chang, Q., Zuo, Z., Harrison, F. & Chow, M. S. S. (2002). Hawthorn. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 42, 605–612.
Cinar, O. & Dayisoylu, K. (2005). Rose Hip Seeds are not Waste. Acta Horticulture, 690, 293-299.
Cseke, L. J., Kirakosyan, A., Kaufman, P. B., Warber, S. L., Duke, J. A. & Brielmann, H. L. (2006). Natural Products from Plants. Florida: CRC Press.
Cunja, V., Mikulic-Petkovsek, M., Stampar, F. & Schmitzer, V. (2014). Compound Identification of Selected Rose Species and Cultivars: An Insight to Petal and Leaf Phenolic Profiles. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 139, 157-166.
Ebrahimzadeh, M. A., Hosseinimehr, S. J., Hamidinia, A. & Jafari M. (2008). Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Feijoa Sallowiana Fruits Peel and Leaves. Pharmacology-online.
Ercişli, S. & Eşitken, A. (2004). Fruit Characteristics of Native Rose Hip (Rosa Spp.) Selections from the Erzurum Province of Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 32(1), 51-53.
Ghrairi, F., Lahouar, L. E., Amira, A., Brahmi, F., Ferchichi, A., Achour, L. & Said, S. (2013). Physico-chemical Composition of Different Varieties of Raisins (Vitis vinifera L.) from Tunisia. Industrial Crops and Products, 43, 73–77.
Husain, S. Z., Heywood, V. H. & Markham, K. R. (1982). Distribution of Flavonoids as Chemotaxonomic Markers in the Genus Origanum L. and Related Genera in Labiatae. In: Arom plants- basic and applied aspects. (eds. Margaris, N., Koedam, A. and Vokou, D.) 141-15. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
Lai Fang, N., Bahorun, T. & Khittoo, G. (2001). Chemosystematics: A New Source of Evidence for the Classification of the Endemic Flora of Mauritius. Reduit: Food and Agricultural Research Council.
Lattanzio, F., Greco, E., Carretta, D., Cervellati, R., Govoni, P. & Speroni, E. (2011). In Vivo Anti-inflammatory Effect of Rosa canina L. Extract. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 137, 880-885.
Najafzadeh, R., Arzani, K., Bouzari, N. & Hashemi, K. (2014). Identification of New Iranian Sour Cherry Genotypes with Enhanced Fruit Quality Parameters and High Antioxidant Properties.
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 42(4), 275-287.
Omidbaigi, R. (2005). Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants. Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi Publication (in Persian).
Rahnavard, A., Ghavamaldin, A., Tavana, A. & Taghavi, M. (2013). Evaluation of Biochemical Compounds Rosa cannia L. in North of Iran (Ramsar and Tonekabon Heights). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 7(45), 3319-3324.
Rashidi, Z. & Najafzadeh, R. (2018). Investigating Growth Traits Variation, Essential Oil Percentage, and Ecological Characteristics of Different Anthemis Species in Kurdistan Province (Iran). Taxonomy and Biosystematics, 10(37), 1-12 (in Persian).
Ringl, A., Prinz, S., Huefner, A., Kurzmann, M. & Kopp, B. (2007). Chemosystematic Value of Flavonoids from Crataegus x Macrocarpa (Rosaceae) with special Emphasis on (R)- and (S)- Eriodictyol-7-O-glucuronide and Luteolin-7-O- glucuronide. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 4, 154- 162.
Roman, L., Stanila, A. & Stanila, S. (2013). Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Rosa Canina L. Biotypes from Spontaneous Flora of Transylvania. Chemical Central Journal 7(73), 1-10.
Saberian, K. (2018). Comparison of the Quality Properties of the Rose Hip Fruit Powder from Three Regions of Iran with Commercial Sample. Food Science and Technology, 82(15), 139-149 (in Persian).
Saeedi, K., Sefidkon, F. & Babaei, A. (2014). The Study of some Phytochemical and Morphological Characteristics of Dog Rose Fruit in the North of Iran. Journal of Crops Improvement, 16(3), 545-554 (in Persian).
Saeedi, K. A. & Omidbaigi, R. (2009). Determination of Phenolics, Soluble Carbohydrates, Carotenoid Contents, and Minerals of Dog Rose (Rosa canina L.) Fruits Grown in South-West of Iran. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 25(2), 203-215 (in Persian).
Shameh, S., Hosseini, B. & Alirezalu, A. (2018). Evaluation of Distribution and Phytochemical Diversity of Roses Species (Rosa Spp.) in Northwest of Iran. Journal of Plant Production Research, 4(24), 31-45 (in Persian).
Sharghi, H. R., Arjmandi, A. A., Memariani, F. & Joharchi, M. R. (2014). Rosa Freitagii Ziel. (Rosaceae), a New Record for the Flora of Iran. The Iranian Journal of Botany, 20(2), 183-187.
Shokrpour, M., Mohammadi, S. A., Moghaddam, M., Ziai, S. A. & Javansir, A. (2008). Analysis of Morphologic Association, Phytochemical, and AFLP Markers in Milk Thistle (Silybum Marianum L.). Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 24(3), 278-292 (in Persian).
Szentmihalyi, K., Vinkler, P., Lakatos, B., Illes, V. & Then, M. (2002). Rose Hip (Rosa canina L.) Oil Obtained from Waste Hip Seeds by Different Extraction Methods. Bioresource Technology, 82, 195-201.
Tumbas, V. T., Canadanovic-Brunet, J. M., Cetojevic-Simin, D. D., Cetkovic, G. S., Dilas, S. M. & Gille, L. (2011). Effect of Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) Phytochemicals on Stable Free Radicals and Human Cancer Cells. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92, 1273–1281.
Yavari, A. R., Nazeri, V., Sefidkon, F. & Hassni, M. E. (2010). The Chemical Composition of Thymus Migricus Klokov and Desj-Shost, Essential Oil from Different Regions of West Azerbaijan Province. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 26(1), 14-21.
Zaringhalami, S. & Khataei, M. (2017). Determination of some Chemical Composition of Dog Rose Fruit and Seed. Food Science and Technology, 64(14), 1-8 (in Persian).

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics