University of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Genetic structure of spirlin (Alburnoides echiwaldii) in Karganroud and Chalous riversساختار ژنتیکی ماهی خیاطه (Alburnoides echiwaldii) در رودخانههای کرگانرود و چالوس11417520ENElhamHaghighiDepartment of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Rasht, IranMasoudSattariDepartment of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IranSalarDorafshanDepartment of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IranYazdanKeivanyJournal Article20160614Genetic structure of two populations of Spirlin, Alburnoides eichwaldii from Karganroud and Chalous Rivers was investigated using six microsatellite molecular markers (CtoF-172, BL1-2b, CnaB-030, LleA-071, Ca3 and Z21908) on 30 fishes from each river. The mean of observed alleles at each locus was 6.5. Allele sizes at CtoF-172, BL1-2b, CnaB-030, LleA-071, Ca3 and Z21908 loci were ranged from 107-147, 147-184, 124-157, 332-387 300-347 and 147-183 bps respectively. Z21908 and Ca3 showed the lowest and the highest polymorphism respectively. All loci in both rivers showed deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The number of effective alleles, expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity and polymorphism information content (PIC) were 4.86, 0.81, 0.96 and 0.94 respectively cindicative of high level of genetic diversity in both populations. The mean FIS value for all loci in both station ranged from -0.23 to -0.30 indicating low possibility for inbreeding occurrence. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the percent of variance among and within populations were 6.31 and 93.69 %, respectively. The genetic distance was 0.363. Significant FST value (0.063) was observed between the two populations. The high level of genetic differentiation may reflect local segregation of two populations because of differences in ecological conditions of two rivers.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17520_6fd675b38707fe23982c7d9ceeef9d05.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Population structure of the Caspian shad (Alosa braschnikowi Borodin, 1904) in the southern coast of the Caspian Sea between Gomishan and Miankaleh regionsساختار جمعیتی شگماهی براشنیکووی (Alosa braschnikowi, Borodin, 1904) در سواحل جنوبی دریای خزر بین دو منطقه گمیشان و میانکاله152617521ENOmidJafariDepartment of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, IranAliShabaniDepartment of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, IranHamedKolangi MiandareDepartment of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, IranJournal Article20160614The present study was carried out to determine population structure of Alosa braschnikowi, one of the endemic species in the Caspian Sea, with five polymorphic microsatellite loci (AsaD030, AsaD042, AsaC249, AsaD312, AsaC051). Fifty six specimens of A. braschnikowi were collected from Gomishan and Miankaleh (28 specimens for each population) in Golestan province. The results showed that the average observed heterozygosity for Gomishan and Miankaleh were 0.536 and 0.514, respectively, with an average of 0.525 for the two populations. The number of observed alleles per locus ranged from 8 to 17 with an average of 12.4 alleles. Average number of effective allele in Gomishan and Miankaleh was calculated 8.53 and 7.61. Also, in eight cases of 10 tests in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium there was statistically significant deviation (Phttps://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17521_d4f904955de1a02c9ac535b46a9947f5.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Seasonal food habits of brown bear (Ursus arctos syriacus Linnaeus, 1758) in Cenral Alborz Protected Areaبررسی عادتهای غذایی فصلی خرس قهوهای سوری (Ursus arctos syriacus Linnaeus, 1758) در منطقه حفاظت شده البرز مرکزی273617511ENBagherNezami BalouchiDepartment of Natural Resources and Environment Sciences, University of Environment, Karaj, IranJournal Article20160614Mountains of Central Alborz Protected Area hold a big population of brown bear, the largest varnivore species in Iran. Understanding food habits is crucial to understanding the ecology of the species. Diet influences many ecological and life-history traits, such as spatial distribution, social and foraging behavior, body mass and reproduction. Therefore, during Jun 2006 to May 2007 we had a comprehensive study on brown bear food habits, as the largest omnivorous of the country in Central Alborz Protected Area. Our investigation showed that plant materials composed the main proportion of food items of the brown bears in the spring until mid-summer. Insects, especially ants were predominantly eaten in the first half of summer. As approaching to hibernation period in late autumn, fruits played the main role of bear food items having high fat content. We never witnessed bear attack on wild herbivores. Furthermore, we never found remains of wild herbivores except a few livestock remains in brown bear scats during our survey period. Accordingly, we concluded that brown bears were almost herbivorous in the Central Alborz Protected Area. We never found any bear scats or fresh signs in three consecutive years, between first of December until mid of March. Also, no direct sighting of brown bear was reported to us by local people and game keepers within the mentioned period. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the brown bears hibernate for a period of 3-3.5 months in winter in the Central Alborz Protected Area.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17511_c010d23dd3d5547672364841f385220c.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023A floristic study of Salaheddinkola Forests, Nowshahr, Iranمطالعه فلوریستیک جنگلهای صلاحالدین کلا، نوشهر، ایران375417514ENOmidEsmailzadehDepartment of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, IranKazemNourmohammadiDepartment of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, IranHamedAsadiDepartment of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, IranHamedYousefzadehJournal Article20160614This paper reports the floristic survey on the Salaheddinkola forests (Nowshahr). These forests posses high variations in elevation ranges and special physiographic properties, which form the growth platform for most of the typical Hyrcanian forest species. The floristic-physiognomic investigation of the region was performed using field-walk procedure and revealed 237 plant species belonging to 196 genera and 85 families. The important families were Asteraceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae and Fabaceae with 23, 20, 14, 13 and 10 species, respectively which represented 33.17 percent of the total species. According to Raunkaiaer method, Cryptophytes (28.7%), Hemicryptophytes (27.5%) and Phanerophytes (22.5%) were the most important structure groups of the local biological spectrum followed by Therophytes (17.7%) and Chamaephytes (3.4%) Chorotypes. According to Zohary, most of the identified species belonged to Euro-Siberian and Pluriregional regions with 79 (33.6%) and 62 (26%) taxa, respectively.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17514_4edeca7a81f574ab2dffc09f3c02c180.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Genetic diversity of different accessions of Thymus kotschyanus using RAPD markerتنوع ژنتیکی جمعیتهای مختلف Thymus kotschyanus توسط نشانگرهای RAPD556617516ENAhmadIsmailiDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, IranSeyed MahmoudZabetiDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, IranSeyedeh ZahraHosseiniDepartment of Plant Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, IranJournal Article20160614Analysis of genetic diversity is a major step for understanding evolution and breeding applications. Recent advances in the application of the polymerase chain reaction make it possible to score individuals at a large number of loci. The RAPD technique has been successfully used in a variety of taxonomic and genetic diversity studies. The genetic diversity of 18 accessions of Thymus kotschyanus collected from different districts of Iran has been reported in this study, using 30 random amplified polymorphic DNA primers. Multivariate statistical analyses including principal coordinate analysis (PCOA) and cluster analysis were used to group the accessions. From 29 primers, 385 bands were scored corresponding to an average of 13.27 bands per primer with 298 bands showing polymorphism (77.40%). A dendrogram constructed based on the UPGMA clustering method revealed three major clusters. The obtained results from grouping 18 accessions of T. kotschyanus with two studied methods indicated that in the most cases the applied methods produced similar grouping results. This study revealed nearly rich genetic diversity among T. kotschyanus accessions from different regions of Iran. The results showed RAPD marker was a useful marker for genetic diversity studies of T. kotschyanus and it was indicative of geographica variations.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17516_c0317ff6debca4553044624be82f6259.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Investigation of the flora, life forms and chorotypes of the plants in the Meymand Protected Area, Kohkilouyeh va Boyer Ahmad provice, Iranبررسی فلور، شکل زیستی و پراکنش جغرافیایی گیاهان منطقه حفاظتشده میمند، کهکیلویه و بویر احمد، ایران678417517ENAli-AsgharNaghipour BorjDepartment of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IranMostafaNowrooziIsfahan Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center, Isfahan, IranHosseinBashariDepartment of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20160614Floristic studies have great importance as it represent the existence and the status of all plant species in an area. This study aimed to investigate the flora of Meymand Protected Area, located in central Zagros and in Kohkilouyeh va Boyer Ahmad provice with an elevation range of 1806 to 2730 meters from sea level. Plant families, genera and species were identified using taxonomic methods and available resources. According to the results, the flora of this area included 279 plant species belonging to 198 genera from 48 families. The richest families were Asteraceae with 50 species (17.9%), Poaceae, Lamiaceae with each 23 species (8.2%) and Fabaceae with 22 species (7.8%). The dominance of hemicryptophytes and therophytes (totally, 82%) life forms in the flora, were the characteristics of mountainous regions in central part of Iran. The high proportion of hemicryptophytes plants in the flora also indicated the dominance of a cold and montinious climates in the study area. The chorotypes of plants species showed that 57 percent (160 species) of the plant species belonged to Irano-Touranian zone but other remaining species (119 speciecs) grew in other geobotanical zones too. There were 5 vulnerable, 24 lower risks and 1 data deficient species in this protected area.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17517_d1fd12d6996ca63ba334958c2602775d.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Molecular phylogeny of the genus Myosotis (Boraginacea) based on nrDNA ITS sequencesتبارزایی جنس گل فراموشم مکن (Myosotis, Boraginaceae) بر اساس توالیهستهای nrDNA ITS859617519ENMahboubehSherafatiDepartment of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranShahrokhKazempour OsalooDepartment of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranMaryamKhoshsokhan MozaffarDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, IranShokouhEsmaeilbagiDepartment of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranNasimSaadatiDepartment of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20160614Myosotis, forget-me-not, is one of the genera of Boraginaceae-Boraginoideae. This genus consists of about 100 species distributed predominantly in the temperate zones of both hemispheres. Myosotis has two centers of diversity-one in western Eurasia and the other in New Zealand. In Iran, 15 species of this genus has been identified. Myosotis species are small tiny perennial and annual plants characterized by smooth nutlets. In this study, 58 accessions (including 56 taxa as ingroups and two taxa Echiochilon persicum and E. fruticosum as outgroups) were included for the phylogenetic analyses using nrDNA ITS sequence data. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum parsimony approach as implemented in PAUP* software, Bayesian inference using Mr Bayes program and Maximum Likelihood method using raxmlGUI program. The heuristic search of the MP analysis resulted in 10000 shortest trees of 786 steps length with a consistency index (CI) = 0.482 and a retention index (RI) = 0.770 (excluding uninformative characters). In the trees resulting from maximum parsimony, Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods, Myosotis was monophyletic and composed of six distinct monophyletic clades (A-F). In contrast to the sectional classification system (sections Myosotis and Exarrhena), the subgeneric classification system (subgenera Myosotis and Strophiostoma) for the genus are supported. Annual species did not form a monophyletic group, instead, they were dispersed among biennials and perennials across the tree. Likewise, the species growing in Iran and southwest Asia were scattered across the tree among other species of the genus.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17519_fb0687bf0bedfe67be6a4928822223b6.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Studies of the flora in Darmian area in the Southern Khorasan provinceبررسی فلور منطقه درمیان در استان خراسان جنوبی9711017512ENSamanehSabaghiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Siences, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, IranValliollahMozaffarianSattari 1 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Siences, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran 2 Botany Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, IranTaherNejad-SattariJournal Article20160614The basin area of the Furk and Darmian river is located in northern-east of the Southern Khorasan province. The whole area was 11137 hectares. The area is mountainous with mild weather and dry climate and the average precipitation is about 250 mm per year. In this study, 268 species belonging to 47 families were investigated and 194 genus were identified. The Asteraceae family with 44 species and 34 genera was the largest family in the area. The largest genera were Cousinia with 6 species and Astragalus and Ephorbia with 5 species.The largest life forms in the Darmian area belong to Therophytes with 43% and Hemicryptophytes 37%, Phanaerophytes 9%, Chamaephytes 6%, Bulbous Geophytes and Rhizomatous Geophytes each with 2% and Tuberous Geophytes 1%.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17512_03587ae27d8e468c6d6cf19e6295c415.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Study of evolution and developmental mechanism of stamen in Salvia hypoleuca Benth. (Lamiaceae) and related taxa using Electron Microscopy and molecular phylogenetic toolsبررسی تکامل و مکانیسم تکوین پرچم در Salvia hypoleuca Benth. (Lamiaceae) و گونههای نزدیک با بررسیهای میکروسکوپ الکترونی و فیلوژنی مولکولی11112217518ENMaryam-SadatAsadollahiDepartment of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, IranTaherNejad-SattariAliSonboliDepartment of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranIrajMehreganDepartment of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, IranJournal Article20160614The genus Salvia L. includes a group of plants having two stamens with a special morphology. Natural groups within this genus consist of species with special type of stamen morphology. In this paper, phylogenetic placement and developmental stages of stamen of S. hypoleuca Benth. were studied. Examination of this and related species showed that each flower had two stamens with posterior thecae not expressed and the distal posterior ends of the adjacent connectives were fused into a complex structure blocking access to nectar. All species with such type of stamens grouped into a monophyletic clade with robust support. Study of stamen development in S. hypoleuca showed that normal, anterior thecae were evolved before the other organs and that the stamen found its final matured form before flower opened. In an opened flower, stamen and reproductive organs could be found in their final maturestage. In addition, it seemed that stamen development in related species should be similar.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17518_f1757a1388ab91333a77f31abc77a713.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Vestiture and trichome types of the oaks of forests in Western Iranمطالعه پوشش کُرکی بلوطهای غرب ایران12313417515ENMohammadMehrniaLorestan Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center, Khoramabad, IranMostafaAssadiJournal Article20160614The Quercus is the main genus of the Fagaceae with about 300 to 600 species in the world. Both the vestiture and trichome types are important in the taxonomy of Quercus species and hybrids. Although particular terms have been used for a long time, the terminology for both vestiture and trichome types has not been standardized, glossaries differ in their definitions and illustrations and floristic manuals vary markedly in their descriptions of the species. In this study, the vestiture and trichomes were described and illustrated for seven species of oaks in the Zagros Mountains. The terminology of trichome types was determined based upon Hardin (1976). Samples for SEM studies of each species were collected from fresh material of early spring and mature leaves and specimens which were deposited in the Herbaria. The ten types of trichomes were distinguished for the Zagros oaks as follows: 1) Simple-thin-walled, 2) Rosulate-rosette, 3) Solitary-long, 4) Fasciculate-erect, 5) Multiradiate, 6) Stellate, 7) Fused-stellate, 8) Appressed-Lateral, 9) Atipic stellate, 10) Multinodal stellate. Based on trichome types two major infrageneric groups were recognized for western of Iran: the cerroid and roburoid oaks matched our results based on ITS data.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17515_b1b3ae09014362a253a47cf7fe4c5189.pdfUniversity of IsfahanTaxonomy and Biosystematics3115-900161920141023Anatomical study of leaf and stem of Carex L. species (Cyperaceae) in Shomali, Razavi and Jounobi Khorasan provincesبررسی ساختار تشریحی ساقه و برگ گونههای جنس (Cyperaceae) Carex L. در استانهای خراسان شمالی، رضوی و جنوبی13515617513ENJinusHejaziDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranJamilVaeziDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranDorriehAmiri MoghaddamDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranFarshidMemarianiJournal Article20160614The genus Carex L. is one of the largest genera (2000 spp.) of the flowering plants . There are 85 species of Carex in Iran plateau that approximately half of them are present in Iran. In this study, stem and leaf anatomy of 12 species and subspecies of Carex from two subgenera, Carex and Vignea, were investigated using hand cutting method and blue toluidine staining. The results showed that some of anatomical features such as, location of vascular bundles, size of air cavities, type of triangular stem, number of sclerenchyma layer and amount of lignified stem and cuticle thickness were effective in determining the species. This study did not confirm the classical taxonomy based on morphological characteristics and the results revealed that anatomical characteristics were correlated with plant water conditions.https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_17513_a81a8cdef0d66979a1729aeba244836d.pdf