University of Isfahan Taxonomy and Biosystematics 3115-9001 14 51 2022 08 23 Some Nomenclatural Notes on Allium atroviolaceum (Amaryllidaceae) from Iran یادداشتی بر نام‌گذاری Allium atroviolaceum (Amaryllidaceae) در ایران 77 86 27065 10.22108/tbj.2022.135211.1213 EN Kazem Negaresh Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran Mohammad Reza Zare-Bavani Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran Maede Neisi MA Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran Journal Article 2022 09 21 Allium, one of the largest genera of the Amaryllidaceae family, is widely distributed across the world. Iran is a primary center of diversity for the genus Allium, with 7 subgenera and 30 sections identified in its flora. Despite various taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, there have been few nomenclature studies on the genus Allium. The present study, guided by the International Code of Nomenclature, undertook a thorough examination of Allium species. It was determined that Allium atroviolaceum Boiss. (1846) is an illegitimate name, as it is a later homonym of Allium atroviolaceum Hornem. ex Steud. (1840). Consequently, the name Allium sehat-niakii Negaresh nom. nov. is proposed here as a replacement for Allium atroviolaceum Boiss. Additionally, this study presents a note on the previous typifications of Allium atroviolaceum. It is also noted that Allium atroviolaceum var. angustifolium Boiss. is a forgotten taxon within the Iranian flora. This study treats it as an extant taxon, introducing a new combination (i.e., Allium sehat-niakii var. angustifolium (Boiss.) Negaresh) for the flora of Iran. Introduction The Amaryllidaceae family, one of the largest in the monocot plants, encompasses about 75 genera and 1600 species, distributed in tropical to subtropical regions of the world. The genus Allium L., with approximately 900 species, is globally distributed, having its primary center of diversity in Southwest Asia, particularly in Iran. Accordingly, 7 subgenera and 30 sections of this genus are recognized in the flora of Iran. The nomenclatural study of the genus Allium, in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature (ICN), revealed that Allium atroviolaceum Boiss. (1846) is an illegitimate name, as it is a later homonym of Allium atroviolaceum Hornem. ex Steud. (1840). In this study, to clarify the use of this taxon, a valid name is proposed and a note on its typification is presented. Additionally, it was found that Allium atroviolaceum var. angustifolium Boiss. is a forgotten taxon in the Iranian flora. Materials and Methods The purpose of the international rules of plant nomenclature is to organize past nomenclature and provide rules for future naming. According to these rules, conflicting names cannot be maintained. In the present study, following the mentioned rules, species of the genus Allium were examined for compliance with nomenclatural standards. This nomenclatural study was based on the latest international botanical meeting held in Shenzhen, China, in 2018, resulting in the 19th "International Code of Nomenclature" published by Turland et al. in 2018. Results and Conclusion The name Allium atroviolaceum was first published by Steudel in 1840. Subsequently, Boissier (1846) published a species under the same name. According to the International Code of Nomenclature (Art. 53.1; Turland et al. 2018), Steudel's usage is legitimate, and Allium atroviolaceum Boiss. is an illegitimate later homonym. Therefore, the replacement name Allium sehat-niakii is proposed here. When Boissier described Allium atroviolaceum var. angustifolium in 1854, he cited "prope urbem Tehran, Kotschy 449" as the type locality, indicating its distribution in Iran. The type specimens observed by the authors confirm that two specimens collected by Kotschy from Iran are present in the Geneva (G) and Paris (P) herbaria. Thus, Allium atroviolaceum var. angustifolium is a variety reported for the flora of Iran, which Wendelbo (1971) overlooked in Flora Iranica and is now reported again. Var. angustifolium differs from var. atroviolaceum by having narrower leaves. In this study, the angustifolium variety is transferred to Allium sehat-niakii. With this rediscovery, A. sehat-niakii now includes two varieties: var. sehat-niakii and var. angustifolium. Boissier described Allium atroviolaceum in 1846 based on Kotschy's collection 450. A review of various herbaria revealed that fourteen plant samples belong to Kotschy 450 (BM000958288, FI012000, G00164986, G-DC (G00164987), G00164988, GOET000718, K000464376, L0041350, LE00010808, LE00010809, MO-149473, P00601093, P00601092, and P00747749). In Flora Iranica, the G herbarium specimen is considered the type. However, there are three specimens related to Kotschy 450 collection in the G herbarium. Khorasani et al. (2018) designated specimen G00164986 as the lectotype but overlooked Wendelbo (1971) earlier, albeit incomplete, typification. Therefore, based on the International Code of Nomenclature (Art. 9.15), Wendelbo (1971) typification should be regarded as the initial lectotype determination, and Khorasani et al. (2018) typification as the subsequent lectotype determination.

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